三种壳口颜色脉红螺（Rapanavenosa）形态学和线粒体16SrRNA与COI基因片段差异比较分析     

班绍君  薛东秀  张涛  潘洋  王海艳 《海洋与湖沼》2012,43(6)

脉红螺壳口通常有3种颜色：“黑白条纹螺”、“中间螺”和“橙色螺”。本论文对3种壳口颜色的脉红螺分别进行了形态学和mt16SrRNA、COI基因片段序列比较分析。形态学分析结果表明,除厣宽／壳高、厣高／壳高、厣高／体螺层、厣高／壳口长、厣高／壳口宽、厣高／厣宽的形态学特征指数和出肉率不具有显著性差异外,其它形态特征和生物学相关变量具有显著差异,且对湿重的影响效果不同。“黑白条纹螺”壳口长和壳口宽对湿重影响最大,而“中间螺”和“橙色螺”各形态特征对湿重均无显著的直接影响。根据各形态特征均值建立的居群形态聚类图显示,“中间螺”和“橙色螺”形态差异较小,二者与“黑白条纹螺”的形态差异较大。然而基于mt16SrRNA和COI基因片段序列分析结果显示,三种壳口颜色的脉红螺无遗传分化,为同一种。  相似文献   

基于线粒体16S rRNA与COI基因序列的刻肋海胆属系统发育研究     

曾晓起  张文峰  高天翔 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》2012,42(6):47-51

本研究以16S rRNA和细胞色素氧化酶I(Cytochrome oxidase subunit I,COI)基因片段序列为标记,以杂色角孔海胆(Salmacis sphaeroides)为外群,基于距离法(NJ)、最大简约法(MP)和最大似然法(ML)分别构建分子系统树,对刻肋海胆属(Temnopleu rus)进行了系统发育学研究.结果表明,哈氏刻肋海胆、细雕刻肋海胆、T.alexandri三者亲缘关系较近,芮氏刻肋海胆和T.michaelseni亲缘关系较近.两个基因片段的核苷酸替代速率顺序为COI＞ 16S rRNA.以3.49％/百万年的核苷酸分歧速率应用于5种海胆的COI基因片段,推断5种海胆分化事件主要发生在约500～590万年前,为中新世晚期(Late Miocene)或上新世早期(Early Pliocene).  相似文献   

基于COI部分序列探讨南海鲳属鱼类系统进化与种群遗传结构     

孙鹏  尹飞  施兆鸿  彭士明 《海洋科学》2012,36(6):15-21

利用线粒体细胞色素 c 氧化酶Ⅰ亚基(COI)部分序列研究了南海区鲳属鱼类(Pampus)银鲳(P. ar-genteus)、珍鲳(P. minor)和中国鲳(P. chinensis)的系统进化与种群遗传结构.通过 PCR 扩增与序列测定获得了长度为643 bp 的 COI 基因片段,其 A、T、G、C 碱基的平均含量分别为25.4%、33.6%、18.9%和22.1%, A+T 含量高于 G+C 含量.64条序列共定义了20种单倍型,包含152个变异位点,简约信息位点148个,单变异位点4个,产生169个点突变.结果表明,银鲳与中国鲳的遗传差异最小,银鲳与珍鲳的其次,而珍鲳与中国鲳的遗传差异最大,3种鲳属鱼类的遗传多样性均呈现较低的水平,应采取有效的保护措施,以避免其遗传多样性水平的进一步丧失.本研究结果为鲳属鱼类资源保护和合理开发利用提供必要的参考  相似文献   

Genetic diversity in two Japanese flounder populations from China seas inferred using microsatellite markers and COI sequences     

徐冬冬  李三磊  楼宝  张玉荣  詹炜  史会来 《中国海洋湖沼学报》2012,30(4):604-610

Japanese flounder is one of the most important commercial species in China; however, information on the genetic background of natural populations in China seas is scarce. The lack of genetic data has hampered fishery management and aquaculture development programs for this species. In the present study, we have analyzed the genetic diversity in natural populations of Japanese flounder sampled from the Yellow Sea (Qingdao population, QD) and East China Sea (Zhoushan population, ZS) using 10 polymorphic microsatellite loci and cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) sequencing data. A total of 68 different alleles were observed over 10 microsatellite loci. The total number of alleles per locus ranged from 2 to 9, and the number of genotypes per locus ranged from 3 to 45. The observed heterozygosity and expected heterozygosity in QD were 0.733 and 0.779, respectively, and in ZS the heterozygosity values were 0.708 and 0.783, respectively. Significant departures from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium were observed in 7 of the 10 microsatellite loci in each of the two populations. The COI sequencing analysis revealed 25 polymorphic sites and 15 haplotypes in the two populations. The haplotype diversity and nucleotide diversity in the QD population were 0.746±0.072 8 and 0.003 34±0.001 03 respectively, and in ZS population the genetic diversity values were 0.712±0.047 0 and 0.003 18±0.000 49, respectively. The microsatellite data (F_st =0.048 7, P<0.001) and mitochondrial DNA data (F_st =0.128, P<0.001) both revealed significant genetic differentiation between the two populations. The information on the genetic variation and differentiation in Japanese flounder obtained in this study could be used to set up suitable guidelines for the management and conservation of this species, as well as for managing artificial selection programs. In future studies, more geographically diverse stocks should be used to obtain a deeper understanding of the population structure of Japanese flounder in the China seas and adjacent regions.  相似文献   

Applications of three DNA barcodes in assorting intertidal red macroalgal flora in Qingdao, China     

ZHAO Xiaobo  PANG Shaojun  SHAN Tifeng  LIU Feng 《中国海洋大学学报(英文版)》2013,12(1):139-145

This study is part of the endeavor to construct a comprehensive DNA barcoding database for common seaweeds in China. Identifications of red seaweeds, which have simple morphology and anatomy, are sometimes difficult solely depending on morphological characteristics. In recent years, DNA barcode technique has become a more and more effective tool to help solve some of the taxonomic difficulties. Some DNA markers such as COI (cytochrome oxidase subunitⅠ) are proposed as standardized DNA barcodes for all seaweed species. In this study, COI, UPA (universal plastid amplicon, domain V of 23S rRNA), and ITS (nuclear internal transcribed spacer) were employed to analyze common species of intertidal red seaweeds in Qingdao (119.3 -121 E, 35.35 -37.09 N). The applicability of using one or a few combined barcodes to identify red seaweed species was tested. The results indicated that COI is a sensitive marker at species level. However, not all the tested species gave PCR amplification products due to lack of the universal primers. The second barcode UPA had effective universal primers but needed to be tested for the effectiveness of resolving closely related species. More than one ITS sequence types were found in some species in this investigation, which might lead to confusion in further analysis. Therefore ITS sequence is not recommended as a universal barcode for seaweeds identification.  相似文献   

基于多位点分子标记和线粒体基因组学中国蚌类(蚌目:蚌超科)物种分类与系统进化研究     

武瑞文  安建梅  陈如如  欧阳珊  吴小平 《湖泊科学》2021,33(6):1788-1804

中国是东亚蚌类（蚌目：蚌超科）物种分布中心,共记录有26属.然而,在世界蚌目框架下,中国仍缺乏一个完整科学的蚌类分类系统.本研究基于多位点分子标记（COI、16S、28S）和线粒体基因组学重构聚焦于蚌超科的蚌目系统发育关系,ML、BI和BEAST系统发育结果均支持蚌科5亚科分类系统,即（（（Ambleminae+Gonideinae）+Rectidentinae）+Unioninae）+Parreysiinae;珍珠蚌科2亚科分类系统,即（Gibbosulinae+Margaritiferinae）;中国蚌类隶属蚌科4亚科（Gonideinae,Rectidentinae,Unioninae,Parreysiinae）13族和珍珠蚌科两亚科（Gibbosulinae,Margaritiferinae）.基于化石标定的分子钟显示：蚌科物种分化时间为中三叠世（median=232.07 Ma）,其中雕刻蚌亚科（Parreysiinae）起源和物种分化时间早于其他亚科;矩形蚌亚科（Rectidentinae）物种分化时间最晚,为晚白垩世（median=94.72 Ma）;小方蚌亚科（Ambleminae）和隆脊蚌亚科（Gonideinae）最近共同祖先分化于晚侏罗纪世（median=144.69 Ma）,珍珠蚌科起源于晚石炭世（median=312.61 Ma）,物种分化于晚白垩世（median=91.59 Ma）,中国蚌科现生物种最早起源时间可追溯到白垩纪（中国尖嵴蚌（Acuticosta chinensis）,median=114.36 Ma）.蚌超科线粒体基因重排分析显示：蚌超科线粒体基因组有4种基因排列方式（GO）,珍珠蚌科独享一种（GO1）;蚌科中Unioninae和Ambleminae共享一种（GO2）;Gonideinae有2种基因排列方式（GO3和GO4）,其中室蚌（Chamberlainia hainesiana）独享一种（GO4）,其余物种共享一种（GO3）.以往作为高阶元分类的贝壳形态、钩介幼虫形态以及育儿囊类型,并不能作为蚌科属及以上阶元分类依据.本研究重构了世界蚌目聚焦于蚌超科的系统发育关系和进化历史,建立了中国蚌类分类系统,为今后该类群区系多样性研究及资源保护提供了分类依据.  相似文献   

The complete mitochondrial genome of the hybrid grouper Epinephelus moara (♀)×Epinephelus tukula (♂), and phylogenetic analysis in subfamily Epinephelinae     

Zhentong Li  Yongsheng Tian  Meiling Cheng  Linna Wang  Jingjing Zhang  Yuping Wu  Zunfang Pang  Wenhui Ma  Jieming Zhai 《海洋学报(英文版)》2020,39(12):65-75

The mitochondrial genome (mitogenome) of hybrid grouper Epinephelus moara (♀)×Epinephelus tukula (♂), a new hybrid progeny, can provide valuable information for analyzing phylogeny and molecular evolution. In this study, the mitogenome was analyzed using PCR amplification and sequenced, then the phylogenetic relationship of E. moara (♀)×E. tukula (♂) and 35 other species were constructed using Maximum Likelihood and Neighbor-Joining methods with the nucleotide sequences of 13 conserved protein-coding genes (PCGs). The complete mitogenome of E. moara (♀)×E. tukula (♂) was 16 695 bp in length, which contained 13 PCGs, 2 rRNA genes, 22 tRNA genes, a replication origin and a control region. The composition and order of these genes were consistent with most other vertebrates. Of the 13 PCGs, 12 PCGs were encoded on the heavy strand, and ND6 was encoded on the light strand. The mitogenome of the E. moara (♀)×E. tukula (♂) had a higher AT nucleotide content, a positive AT-skew and a negative GC-skew. All protein initiation codons were ATG, except for COX and ND4 (GTG), ATP6 (CTG), and ND3 (ATA). ND2, COXII, ND3, ND4 and Cytb had T as the terminating codon, COXIII’s termination codon was TA, and the remaining PCGs of that were TAA. All tRNA genes, except for the lacking DHU-arm of tRNASer (AGN), were predicted to form a typical cloverleaf secondary structure. In addition, sequence similarity analysis (99% identity) and phylogenetic analysis (100% bootstrap value) indicated that the mitochondrial genome was maternally inherited. This study provides mitogenome data for studying genetic, phylogenetic relationships and breeding of grouper.  相似文献   

A new record of Sebastes koreanus from China based on morphological characters and DNA barcoding     

方亚璐  宋娜  高天翔 《中国海洋湖沼学报》2015,33(3):590-596

A new record of Sebastes koreanus(Kim and Lee,1994) was documented based on morphological characters and DNA barcoding. Fifty-six S ebastes specimens were collected from the coastal waters of northern China. Samples were identified as S. koreanus based on morphological characters. The coloration and morphometric measurements were consistent with those described from specimens collected in South Korea. In this study,specimens had the following morphological characteristics:light brown body with dark stripes and tiny dark spots,4–5 wide indistinct vertical patterns on the side,2 radial stripes behind and below the eyes,1 large dark blotch on the opercle. Additionally,the following meristic characters were recorded:dorsal fin XIV-13,pectoral fin 16,anal fin III-6–7,pelvic fin I-5,lateral line scales 29–30,and vertebrae 26. The fragment of cytochrome oxidase subunit I(C OI) gene of mitochondrial DNA was sequenced for phylogenetic analysis. The mean genetic distance within the species was 0.3%. Net genetic distances between S. koreanus and other S ebastes species ranged from 3.1% to 7.6%,which was greater than the threshold for species delimitation. The phylogenetic analysis strongly supports the validity of S. koreanus in China at the genetic level. The origion,evolution,patterns of speciation and unique features in genome divergence among primate lineages of this species still need future directions of research.  相似文献   

东方小藤壶Chthamalus challengeri（甲壳动物亚门：无柄目）线粒体基因组：小藤壶科基因排列比较及藤壶亚目系统发育分析     

陈盼盼  宋隽  申欣  蔡月凤  朱嘉濠  李咏琪  田美 《海洋学报(英文版)》2019,38(6):25-31

藤壶是潮间带生态、幼体发育以及生物防污损研究中重要的模式生物。目前，线粒体基因组学的发展有助于从线粒体基因组水平上更好地理解系统发育关系。本研究获得东方小藤壶Chthamalus challengeri完整线粒体基因组，大小为15358bp的环状分子。与藤壶亚目其它物种相比，东方小藤壶非编码区的长度较长，而基因区的长度则相近。东方小藤壶线粒体基因组A+T含量为70.5%。现有藤壶物种的线粒体基因组中存在起始和终止密码子的变化。同属的东方小藤壶和触肢小藤壶C. antennus具有共同的基因排列。然而，小藤壶科中不同属之间却具有不同的基因排列，包括两个tRNA基因出现易位，一个基因块出现倒置。值得注意的是，与以往藤壶亚目物种不同，小藤壶属两个物种的srRNA和lrRNA基因都在重链上编码。小藤壶科中进化树的拓扑结构与基因排列证据相互支持，系统发育分析表明小藤壶科是单系群，而藤壶科和古藤壶科则是多系群。  相似文献   

Genetic connectivity among populations of two congeneric direct-developing whelks varies across spatial scales     

Angela M. Fleming  Melanie M. Dohner  Peter A. Ritchie 《新西兰海洋与淡水研究杂志》2018,52(1):100-117

We examined the phylogeographic structure of two congeneric, direct-developing, intertidal whelks endemic to New Zealand, Cominella virgata and C. maculosa. A total of 855 specimens were collected from 23 rocky shore locations and we used them to determine the level of DNA sequence variation at the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) cytochrome c oxidase subunit I gene. Cominella virgata and C. maculosa have relatively high levels of haplotype diversity but low levels of nucleotide diversity. Sample sites formed regional groups that were composed of genetically differentiated populations, a finding consistent with their limited dispersal abilities. Cominella virgata showed higher levels of regional differentiation than C. maculosa, and there were also species-specific differences in genetic patterns within some regions. Both species exhibited genetic homogenisation among proximate sites within groups, suggesting some dispersal does occur between areas that are not connected by contiguous rocky shore habitat.  相似文献